HIV and Tuberculosis: the impact goes beyond those infected with HIV/AIDS

1 Medical officer, Department of Medicine, NMCH, Govt Medical College Kota, Rajasthan, India 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, NMCH, Govt Medical College Kota, Rajasthan, India 3 Professor, Department of Medicine, NMCH, Govt Medical College Kota, Rajasthan, India 4 Senior Professor, Department of Medicine, NMCH, Govt Medical College Kota, Rajasthan, India Corresponding Author Dr Sanjay Kumar Garg House no. 6, Suman Vihar, Bundi Road, Kunhari, Kota Rajasthan, India Pincode-324008 [email protected], Mobile – +91 9414331357 Abstract Background & objectives: Tuberculosis is said to be one of the commonest opportunistic infection in patients with HIV/ AIDS. In this study the clinical profile of tuberculosis in patient with HIV infection /AIDS and to study the pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis involvement and clinical profile in HIV infection/AIDS subjects. Methods: HIV sero-positive patients with symptoms suggestive of pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis, attending the Outpatient Departments and indoor at Department of Medicine, Govt. Medical College, Kota. Results: fever (97.1%), weight loss (85.7%) cough (80%), pallor (68.5%) mouth ulcer (41.4%) and lymphadenopathy (33%). Incidence of both Pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis were almost same (45.71%).Among extra pulmonary tuberculosis, abdominal TB was (18.57%). Infiltrative lesions were (54.28%) on chest x-ray. Sputum positivity was seen only in 31.25% of patients. Mean CD4 counts was 133.95+141.89 cells/ μl. Most of the patients (78.57%) had CD4 counts <200 cells /μl. 77% of sputum negative TB, 88.32% of extra pulmonary TB had CD4 cell count <200 cells/ μl. and 100% of disseminated TB had CD4 cell count <50 cells/ μl.90% Sputum positive cases were seen with CD4 cell count >50 cells/μl. Conclusionmost common manifestation of TB in HIV infected patients were sputum negative pulmonary TB. A high proportion of cases with extra pulmonary TB were also found. There is an urgent need to strengthen the information, education and expand the ART services to meet the requirement of early testing and treatment initiation in patients co-infected with HIV-TB. KeywardsHIV/TB, AIDS, Tuberculosis, Extrapulmonary TB.